By Farisha Islam – Psychologist
Growing up, all children, have a universal set list of essential needs, such as love, acceptance, safety, and autonomy. These needs form the foundation for healthy emotional and psychological development. For instance, a child feels loved and accepted when praised for their efforts, regardless of the outcome. Safety might be provided through consistent bedtime routines, while freedom to explore is seen when children are encouraged to engage in activities like climbing trees or choosing extracurricular activities. Meeting these needs supports positive self-image, trust, and confidence.
Why are past experiences and unmet needs important in therapy?
Many intervention approaches highlight the impact of past experiences and unmet needs on present-day functioning. Psychodynamic theory suggests that early life events and relationships shape the unconscious mind, influencing thoughts, emotions, and behaviours in adulthood. Unresolved childhood conflicts and unmet emotional needs can manifest as psychological symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, affecting an individual’s ability to form healthy relationships and maintain emotional stability (Freud, 1917). Schema theory similarly suggests that early maladaptive schemas—broad, pervasive patterns formed in childhood due to unmet needs—persist into adulthood, guiding how individuals perceive themselves and interact with others. These schemas can lead to chronic patterns of dysfunctional behaviour and emotional distress (Young, Klosko, & Weishaar, 2003). Understanding these influences helps explain why adults may struggle with persistent psychological issues.
What is the role of the therapeutic relationship?
The therapeutic relationship and attuning to clients’ needs are essential components of effective therapy. A strong therapeutic alliance, characterised by empathy, understanding, and responsiveness to the client’s emotional and psychological needs, fosters a sense of safety, trust, and collaboration. This approach enhances engagement and promotes positive therapeutic outcomes (Horvath & Bedi, 2002). Attuning to clients involves being sensitive to their unique experiences and adjusting therapeutic interventions accordingly. This validation of their feelings and experiences empowers clients to actively participate in their healing process (Norcross, 2011). Such relational approaches help clients feel seen and heard, which is crucial for addressing underlying issues and facilitating meaningful, long-lasting change.
How does attunement apply to neurodivergent individuals?
In the context of neurodiversity, addressing unmet needs and attuning to clients’ unique experiences is paramount. Neurodivergent individuals, such as those with autism or ADHD, often face challenges that stem from a lack of understanding and support in their environments. Therapeutic attunement for neurodivergent individuals involves recognising and responding sensitively to their unique needs and experiences. For example, a therapist might adapt their communication style to suit a client’s preference for visual rather than verbal information, or provide a structured session with clear, predictable routines to accommodate an individual with autism who thrives on consistency. Sensory considerations are also crucial; for instance, creating a calming environment with minimal distractions can help a client with sensory processing sensitivities focus better during sessions. Incorporating strategies to tolerate uncertainty and build resilience is another key aspect of attunement. For instance, a therapist might work with a client to develop flexible thinking skills or introduce gradual exposure to manageable levels of uncertainty, helping them cope with the discomfort that often accompanies change or unpredictability.
These strategies must be tailored specifically to each individual’s needs, as effective attunement is highly personal and requires a nuanced understanding of the client’s unique experiences and challenges. The positive outcomes of such attunement are significant. By aligning therapeutic practices with the individual’s neurodivergent needs, therapists can enhance emotional regulation, increase self-awareness, and strengthen coping strategies. This tailored support contributes to greater well-being and personal growth, equipping clients with tools to manage uncertainty and build resilience in their everyday lives.
Understanding and meeting clients’ needs are fundamental to effective therapy. By addressing past experiences, building a strong therapeutic relationship, and tailoring interventions to each client’s unique needs. At Minds & Hearts, we embody our statement of Love with Excellence and are committed to providing compassionate, personalised support to help you achieve your goals. Contact us today to schedule an appointment and start your journey towards greater well-being.
Reference List
Brown, J. L., & Baker, S. (2020). Neurodiversity in the therapeutic relationship: Perspectives and practices. In D. Milton & S. Moon (Eds.), Exploring Practices in Neurodiversity: An Essential Guide. Pavilion Publishing and Media.
Freud, S. (1917). Introductory Lectures on Psycho-Analysis. W.W. Norton & Company.
Horvath, A. O., & Bedi, R. P. (2002). The alliance. In J. C. Norcross (Ed.), Psychotherapy Relationships that Work: Therapist Contributions and Responsiveness to Patients. Oxford University Press.
Norcross, J. C. (2011). Psychotherapy Relationships that Work: Evidence-Based Responsiveness. Oxford University Press.
Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema Therapy: A Practitioner’s Guide. Guilford Press.